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Select personalised ads. Apply market research to generate audience insights. Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. A chest tube is a hollow plastic tube which is inserted into the chest cavity to drain air or fluid. Fluid in the chest may be blood such as following surgery or trauma , pus from an infection such as pneumonia , serous fluid, or contain cancer cells.
Chest tubes are often inserted after lung surgery to remove fluids during healing. They can be inserted when a person is awake, with the use of local anesthetic, or during surgery. Complications may include pain, bleeding, infection, and a collapsed lung pneumothorax. When an air leak or fluid accumulation persists despite having a chest tube in place, other procedures may be done to either prevent the reaccumulation or fluid or air into the pleural space.
A chest tube may be inserted for several reasons:. When a chest tube is inserted for a collapsed lung, a small area on the chest is numbed by using a local anesthetic. The tube is then inserted, and connected to a machine that uses suction to remove the air, thus allowing the lung to re-expand. When a chest tube is inserted after surgery, it is placed under general anesthesia in the operating room. The tube is then connected to a container lower than the chest, using gravity to allow the excess fluids to drain.
The amount of time a chest tube will remain in place can vary depending on the reason it is placed, and how long an air leak or fluid drainage continues. With a pneumothorax, healthcare providers will look at an X-ray to make sure all of the air has been removed, and the lung has expanded completely. Following lung cancer surgery, the tube will be left in place until only minimal drainage remains, often a period of three to four days.
Sometimes a leak persists and other options must be considered see below. A persistent air leak after chest surgery can be frustrating, but most resolve on their own in time without further treatment. Removal of a chest tube is usually a fairly easy procedure and can be done comfortably in your hospital bed without any anesthesia.
The sutures are separated and the tube is then clamped. Your healthcare provider will ask you to take a breath and hold it, and the tube is pulled out. The suture is then tied to close the wound and a dressing applied. When chest tubes are placed in a patient who is awake, patients can expect to receive some form of local pain killer where the chest tube will be inserted.
Often, patients are also given medicine to help ease anxiety. Although efforts are made to make the procedure more tolerable, patients still usually experience some discomfort. Some chest tubes are inserted after the skin and muscles of the chest wall are cut and gently spread apart. Some chest tubes are inserted after a wire is placed into the chest through a needle and the wire acts as a track for the tube to follow.
In both cases, patients often report some discomfort after the procedure as the tube lies on the ribs and moves slightly with each breath. Luckily, this discomfort is usually temporary.
The main goal of this procedure is drainage of the pleural space. Patients can expect to see or feel the fluid or air leaving the chest. Often, patients may feel the collapsed lung re-expanding. A chest X-ray will be performed after the procedure to see how much air or fluid has been drained, how much the lung has re-expanded, and to determine the final position of the chest tube. Chest tubes remain in place for a variable number of days. Usually, when the amount of fluid draining from the tube is low, or there is no more air escaping through the tube, it can be removed.
Like any surgical procedure, the primary risks with chest tube placement are bleeding and infection. Practitioners are careful to avoid the blood vessels that run on the underside of the ribs during placement. In order to avoid introducing an infection, the entire procedure is performed in a sterile fashion.
The other major risks involve damage to the other structures in the chest, like the lungs and heart. Though injuries to these structures are very uncommon, they can be serious.
The tube is connected to a special canister. Suction is often used to help it drain. Other times, gravity alone will allow it to drain. A stitch suture and tape keep the tube in place. The tube is easy to remove when it is no longer needed. Why the Procedure is Performed. Some of these conditions are: Surgery or trauma in the chest Air leaks from inside the lung into the chest pneumothorax Fluid buildup in the chest called a pleural effusion due to bleeding into the chest, buildup of fatty fluid, abscess or pus buildup in the lung or the chest, or heart failure A tear in the esophagus the tube that allows food to go from the mouth to the stomach.
Some risks from the insertion procedure are: Bleeding or infection where the tube is inserted Improper placement of the tube into the tissues, abdomen, or too far in the chest Injury to the lung Injury to organs near the tube, such as the spleen, liver, stomach, or diaphragm. After the Procedure. What you will need to do: Breathe deeply and cough often your nurse will teach you how to do this. Deep breathing and coughing will help re-expand your lung and help with drainage.
Be careful there are no kinks in your tube. The drainage system should always sit upright and be placed below your lungs. If it is not, the fluid or air will not drain and your lungs can't re-expand. Get help right away if: Your chest tube comes out or shifts. The tubes become disconnected. You suddenly have a harder time breathing or have more pain. Outlook Prognosis.
Alternative Names. Chest tube insertion Chest tube insertion - series. Chest Injuries and Disorders Read more.
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