However, the large decreases that occurred both from to and from to resulted in a greater overall decrease during — as compared with — and the lowest number and rate of reported abortions for the entire period of analysis. Public Health Actions: Unintended pregnancy is the major contributor to abortion. Because unintended pregnancies are rare among women who use the most effective methods of reversible contraception, increasing access to and use of these methods can help further reduce the number of abortions performed in the United States.
The data in this report can help program planners and policy makers identify groups of women at greatest risk for unintended pregnancy and help guide and evaluate prevention efforts.
This report is based on abortion data for that were provided voluntarily to CDC by the central health agencies of 49 reporting areas the District of Columbia; New York City; and 47 states, excluding California, Maryland, and New Hampshire. Data were obtained every year during from 46 reporting areas excluding Alaska, California, Louisiana, Maryland, New Hampshire, and West Virginia and were used for the purpose of trend analyses.
Since , CDC has conducted abortion surveillance to document the number and characteristics of women obtaining legal induced abortions in the United States 1. Following nationwide legalization of abortion in , the total number, rate number of abortions per 1, women aged 15—44 years , and ratio number of abortions per 1, live births of reported abortions increased rapidly, reaching the highest levels in the s before decreasing at a slow yet steady pace 2 —6.
However, the incidence of abortion has varied considerably across demographic subpopulations 7—11 , and more recently, during —, an interruption occurred in the previously sustained pattern of decrease 12— Continued surveillance is needed to monitor long-term changes in the incidence of abortion in the United States. Each year, CDC requests tabulated data from the central health agencies of 52 reporting areas the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City to document the number and characteristics of women obtaining abortions in the United States.
In most states, collection of abortion data is facilitated by the legal requirement for hospitals, facilities, and physicians to report all abortions to a central health agency However, these central health agencies voluntarily report abortion data to CDC and provide only aggregate numbers for the abortion data they have collected through their independent surveillance systems Although CDC obtains abortion numbers from most of the central health agencies, the level of detail that it receives on the characteristics of women obtaining abortions varies considerably from year to year and among reporting areas.
However, because the collection of abortion data is not federally mandated, many reporting areas have developed their own forms and do not collect all the information that CDC compiles. Each year, CDC sends suggested templates to the central health agencies for compilation of abortion data in aggregate.
Aggregate abortion numbers, but no individual-level records, are requested for the following variables:. Before , few reporting areas returned these alternative templates. Finally, both the original and alternative templates provided by CDC request that aggregate numbers for certain variables be cross-tabulated by a second variable. In this report, medical abortions and abortions performed by curettage are further categorized by gestational age.
Four measures of abortion are presented in this report: 1 the total number of abortions in a given population, 2 the percentage of abortions obtained by women in a given population, 3 the abortion rate number of abortions per 1, women aged 15—44 years or other specific group within a given population , and 4 the abortion ratio number of abortions per 1, live births within a given population. Although total numbers and percentages are useful measures for determining how many women have obtained an abortion, abortion rates adjust for differences in population size and reflect how likely abortion is among women in particular groups.
Abortion ratios measure the relative number of pregnancies in a population that end in abortion compared with live birth. Abortion ratios are influenced both by the proportion of pregnancies in a population that are unintended and the proportion of unintended pregnancies that end in abortion.
Census Bureau estimates of the resident female population of the United States, compiled by CDC, were used as the denominator for calculating abortion rates Overall abortion rates were calculated from the population of women aged 15—44 years living in the areas that provided data. For the calculation of abortion ratios, live birth data were obtained from CDC natality files 33 and included births to women of all ages living in the reporting areas that provided abortion data.
This report provides state-specific and overall abortion numbers, rates, and ratios for the 49 areas that reported to CDC for excludes California, Maryland, and New Hampshire. In addition, this report describes the characteristics of women who obtained abortions in Because the completeness of reporting on the characteristics of women varies by year and by variable, this report only describes the characteristics of women obtaining abortions in areas that met reporting standards i.
Cells with a value in the range of 1—4 have been suppressed to maintain confidentiality. However, two of these reporting areas Illinois and Wisconsin reported certain characteristics for in-state residents but not for out-of-state residents.
Three other reporting areas Iowa, Louisiana, and Massachusetts provided only the total number of abortions for out-of-state residents without specifying individual states or areas of residence from which these women came. As a result, abortion statistics in this report by area of residence are minimum estimates and might be disproportionately low for reporting areas from which many women travel to other states to obtain abortion services.
For the purpose of evaluating overall trends in the number, rate, and ratio of reported abortions, annual data are presented for the 46 areas that reported every year during — Linear regression analysis was used to assess the overall rate of change among these areas during — and during the first and second half of the period of analysis — and — Percentage change calculations for to and for to also were calculated with the same 46 areas that provided data for every year included in this report.
For the analysis of certain additional variables abortions by maternal age, gestational age, race, and ethnicity , annual data are presented for areas that met reporting standards every year during —, and the percentage change was calculated for to , to , to , and to For other variables method for performing an abortion, marital status, number of previous abortions, and number of previous live births , annual data are not presented, and areas were included as long as they provided data that met reporting standards for the years needed for percentage change calculations.
To evaluate trends in the use of different methods for performing an abortion, reporting areas were included only if they met reporting standards and if they specifically included medical abortion as a method on their reporting form.
Because some of the 49 areas that reported for were not included in certain trend analyses, summary measures for comparisons over time might differ slightly from the point estimates presented for all areas that reported for CDC has reported data on abortion-related deaths periodically since information on abortion mortality first was included in the abortion surveillance report 34, An abortion-related death is defined as a death resulting from a direct complication of an abortion legal or illegal , an indirect complication caused by a chain of events initiated by an abortion, or an aggravation of a preexisting condition by the physiologic or psychologic effects of abortion All deaths determined to be related causally to induced abortion are classified as abortion-related regardless of the time between the abortion and death.
In addition, any pregnancy-related death in which the pregnancy outcome was induced abortion regardless of the causal relation between the abortion and the death is considered an abortion-related death. An abortion is defined as legal if it is performed by a licensed clinician; an abortion is defined as illegal if it is performed by any other person.
Sources of data for abortion-related deaths have included state vital records, public health agencies, maternal mortality review committees, health-care providers and provider organizations, private citizens and citizen groups, and media reports, including computerized searches of full-text newspaper and other print media databases. For each death that possibly is related to abortion, CDC requests clinical records and autopsy reports.
Two medical epidemiologists review these reports to determine the cause of death and whether the death was abortion related. Each death is categorized by abortion type as legal induced, illegal induced, spontaneous, or unknown type. This report provides data on induced abortion-related deaths that occurred in , the most recent year for which data are available. Data on induced abortion-related deaths that occurred during — already have been published 35 and possible abortion-related deaths that occurred during — are under investigation.
For —, surveillance data reported to CDC cannot be used alone to calculate national case-fatality rates number of legal induced abortion-related deaths per , reported legal induced abortions in the United States because some states four during —, three during — and —, and two during , including California, did not report abortion surveillance data. Among the deaths whose declared underlying cause was abortion, only 7 0.
Between and , deaths from abortion were most frequent in the years aged group. Only in the year did the age group years register a higher number of deaths. All regions also had a greater volume of deaths in the year group in the set of analyzed data. The abortion-specific MMR was higher among women over 40 years of age and, in and , among adolescents aged years.
In the Northeast and Southeast regions, which concentrate the highest number of deaths from abortion in SIM, we observed the highest abortion-specific MMR at both extremes of the age groups. In the other regions, despite the small proportion of deaths with no information 0. The distribution of the total number of deaths from abortion between and according to skin color maintained a relatively stable distribution, with approximately half of deaths among brown women.
In and , indigenous women had the highest MMR. In , with only one death from abortion and with 0. Only in the Southeast region do black women still have the highest MMR. Brazil, to The proportions of deaths from abortion according to marital status remained stable from to The higher proportion of deaths from abortion among women not in a conjugal relationship is present in all Brazilian regions, varying in magnitude.
This proportion is of The remaining categories had a reduction in the number of deaths. The comparative analysis of abortion-specific MMR according to educational groups is hindered by the small number of deaths in each category and the percentage of missing information for this variable. The analysis of the percentage of deaths of woman of reproductive age that were investigated reveals differences between the Brazilian regions. In , this percentage varied between Despite the large number of investigated deaths, the percentage of deaths of woman of reproductive age, excluding maternal deaths, with no information on the moment of death with regard to the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, varied from The cause of death considered in mortality analyses is the underlying cause of death.
There are, however, other diagnoses listed in death certificates, not selected as underlying causes, but that are associated with the cause of death. The multiple causes analysis shows that, between and , in addition to the already-mentioned deaths, there were deaths that mentioned abortion, however, with a different underlying cause.
Of these, Further, among the deaths that mention abortion, there are deaths whose underlying cause was classified in 13 other chapters of ICD On average, in the years we have analyzed, in addition to those classified with an underlying cause from the abortion-specific ICD categories, there were a further The proportion of the mention of abortion was different in each region, with considerable variation over the years.
The average annual percentage was of Figure 3 shows the total of deaths with abortion as the underlying cause and the total of deaths from other underlying causes with mentions of abortion. Figure 3 Deaths with abortion as an underlying cause or associated cause. These hospitalizations represented a total value of BRL 40,, These percentages varied little over time. There was a progressive reduction in the number of hospitalizations in the period, which was present in all regions, albeit unequally.
The highest percentage reduction occurred in the Northeast At the national scale, this reduction was of 9. In the period we analyzed, SIH also recorded a reduction of hospitalizations for procedures related to deliveries. This reduction, which was of 5. The Northeastern region also had the greatest reduction The ratio of the number hospitalizations from abortion and the number of hospitalizations for deliveries experienced a discreet reduction in the country 3.
The Northeast, despite having the greatest reduction in hospitalizations from abortion, both in absolute number and in terms of percentages, still had the highest ratio of hospitalizations from abortion and delivery In , this ratio was of The total average value was of around BRL 47,, There was a reduction in the number of hospitalizations in all Brazilian regions except the South, where there was a very discreet increase.
The age group 20 to 29 years was the most frequent among women hospitalized with an abortion diagnosis in Brazil for the entire period of analysis, however, it had a reduction form There was an increase in the proportion of the 30 to 39 year group, going from We estimate subregional, regional, and global levels and trends in abortion incidence for to , and abortion rates in subgroups of women.
We use the results to estimate the proportion of pregnancies that end in abortion and examine whether abortion rates vary in countries grouped by the legal status of abortion. Methods: We requested abortion data from government agencies and compiled data from international sources and nationally representative studies.
Share of those making , USD a year or more who support making abortion legal under any circumstance. Interesting statistics In the following 6 chapters, you will quickly find the 37 most important statistics relating to "Abortion in the U.
Statistics on the topic. Global overview Favorability toward legalization of abortion Unintended pregnancy and abortion rates worldwide , by income group. Unintended pregnancy and abortion rates worldwide , by abortion legality. Number of legal abortions in the U. Percentage change in the U. Change in the number of abortion clinics in the U. States with the largest declines in clinics offering abortions from to States with the largest increases in clinics offering abortions Number of abortions performed in the U.
Number of abortions reported among women in the U. Rate of abortion among teenage girls in the U. Number of abortions reported among teenage girls in the U. Favorability toward legalization of abortion in the United States
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